Artificial Intelligence and Labour in Czechia: Who Is Affected?
Artificial Intelligence and Labour in Czechia: Who Is Affected?
Publish Date: 2026-07-14 17:54:00
Source Domain: www.cnb.cz
CNB RB 2/2026
We show that AI exposure in the Czech labour market is sizeable, but highly uneven. Using occupational AI exposure mapped to worker-level microdata, we find that around one quarter of tasks associated with Czech employees’ occupations can be supported, performed, or transformed by AI. Exposure is concentrated in larger urban areas, information-intensive sectors, and higher-wage jobs.
AI is rapidly diffusing across the Czech economy. In 2025, nearly half of Czech firms reported using generative AI, above the EU average of 37% and the highest share among CESEE countries (EIB, 2025). Experimental and survey evidence points to substantial productivity gains from AI tools, especially in cognitive, text-based and information-intensive tasks (Noy and Zhang, 2023; Brynjolfsson et al., 2025; Bick et al., 2026; Gambacorta et al., 2024; Marsal and Perkowski, 2025; Cui et al., 2026; Dillon et al., 2025). At the firm level, Aldasoro et al. (2026) show that AI-adopting firms in Europe are more productive than comparable non-adopting firms.
These microeconomic gains may translate into macroeconomic effects. For Czechia, Misch et al. (2025) estimate that AI could raise total factor productivity by 0.7%, thereby increasing gross domestic product (GDP). Auer and Švéda (forthcoming) estimate that Czech GDP could be around 1.8% higher given the actual level of AI capabilities . If such gains materialise, AI would represent a major structural change for the Czech economy.
This research brief provides a first glimpse into ongoing research at the Czech National Bank on AI transformation from a labour-market perspective. Using detailed employee-level data, we examine differences in AI exposure across regions and industries, as well as by wage, education, age, and gender.
Throughout this brief, we use the terms “exposed” and “exposure” in a neutral sense. Exposure refers to the extent to which tasks within occupations can be performed by AI. It does not imply that jobs will…
